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Differences between Documentary Story Telling and Television Nonfiction Programming

Non-fiction storytelling – Documentary – is about exploring reality, current issues and other subjects with the purpose of informing and possibly bringing candid insights to the viewer. Hopefully, giving the viewer choices about how they end up feeling about the subject. Documentaries are very different from the news or “Reality” programming in that documentaries are about conveying information in a narrative form. Some documentaries are both informative and entertaining.

Unlike, for example, a news broadcast on the BBC, where someone sits at a desk and reads the day’s news to the audience; television in the United States is an entertainment medium. We watch television to be entertained.  American Television, both broadcast and cable, has turned “News” into entertainment because that’s how they get ratings and advertisers. Not only is the news presented as entertainment it’s exploited by people, corporate interests, political groups and others; so we end up with entertaining propaganda.

There is an overwhelming amount of true and false information coming from various sources including the serious press, tabloids, internet, cable TV, broadcast TV, political organizations, public relations companies, and foreign governments. These sources should not be lumped into one big mass, called “The Media.”

As far as Television (broadcast [radio too] and cable) people are watching and listening to programming that takes information and presents it in such a way as to attract a certain demographic. People who watch Fox Cable News are interested in “fake news” stories, with a right-wing twist on the information.  This twist does not need to conform to any factual realities. What they watch supports their beliefs. The entire population is divided by the diverse sources of the information they receive.  This applies to all demographics not just people who watch Fox Cable.

The big difference between Fox Fake News and the others, is that the other cable news outlets do not have the goal of creating propaganda.

 

James R Martin

 

Nightly News on Cable Channels CNN, MSNBC, and FOX report varying versions of the news. MSNBC at this prime time hour features Chris Mathews who is a commentator and opinionated. CNN and Fox purport to be reporting the News at this hour but tend to sensationalize the facts.

 

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Book News

Documentary Point-Of-View

Every documentary film, video or photograph has a Point-of-View (POV). It is important for the creators of the documentation to consider what that POV may be.

Excerpted from Create Documentary Films, Videos and Multimedia by JRMartin

Available from Amazon.com  — Create Documentary Films, Video…

pov-1

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“Actuality”

The word “Actuality” when used to describe the material used in in documentary or non-fiction project, whether it’s film, video, or a photograph means that it was recorded “actually” happening and was not staged or manipulated in anyway.

Newgrange prehistoric mound in Ireland © JRM
Newgrange prehistoric mound in Ireland - The rising sun shines through the window above the entrance on the Winter Solstice. © JRM

In a pure sense a documentary film is a story that uses actuality sources to create a non-fiction documentation of some reality. Actuality meaning something that “actually’ happened and was in some way recorded on film, video, still photographs, audio, or other medium. It’s a non-fiction reality, somehow witnessed and recorded. A documentary does not employ actors to recreate a reality of which we have knowledge in some way. As soon as we employ actors, or script what is going to happen, even if it is based on a true story or event, we have created a fictional story.

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Making Documentaries

Photo © JRM
Photo © JRMartin

DOCUMENTARY STORY TELLING

Documentary story telling is as old as human life, older then cave paintings, older then Neolithic nomads passing on hunting skills and survival stories. It is perhaps one of our most important ways of handing down information and exploring reality.

Think about it for a moment and it becomes obvious that even early folklore and fiction were metaphors for human experience and intellect that reflected or tried to understand non-fiction realities.

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